Vibration

Working conditions, Ergonomics, and Whole-Body Vibration

Whole-body vibration (WBV) is a physical stressor and has been linked with a variety of occupational health disorders, especially of the musculoskeletal system, the spine and lower back. Two forms of vibration exposure relevant for acute or chronic occupational health problems are known: Whole-body vibration and segmental or hand-transmitted vibration. Long-term whole-body vibration stemming from engines and vehicles has been identified as an important mechanical stressor causing early and accelerated degenerative spine diseases,  leading to back pain and spine disorders such as prolapsed discs. Poor body posture, inadequate seat support and muscle fatigue are likely co-factors in the pathogenesis of musculoskeletal disorders of the spine in operators/drivers. High prevalence of back pain, early degenerative changes of the spine and herniated lumbar disc problems have been consistently reported among vibration exposed occupational groups: tractor drivers, truckers and interstate bus drivers, crane or earth moving equipment operators and helicopter pilots. But also among operators of rail-vehicles (i.e., locomotive crews in the railroad and subway trains) with relatively lower vertical but higher lateral vibration and frequent high shocks (irregular vibration) the prevalence of back disorders tends to be higher.